If we examine what medicine is, we can see that it is made up of three components, ill health, diagnosis, and treatment. No matter where we are in the world, be it the depths of the Amazon,, the bronx in New York or a village in the Turkana, these three components remain.
The differences come in the diagnosis of the illness and its treatment. Both of these are governed by the knowledge of the person diagnosing and treating and his/her insights into the illness. This knowledge is governed by the worldview / cosmology of the society to which he/she belongs.